Non-communicable diseases are among the leading causes of illness and premature death in Indonesia, accounting for more than 70 percent of total mortality. The increasing burden of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and stroke places growing pressure on the national health system, particularly at the primary care and referral levels. As Indonesia undergoes demographic and epidemiologic shifts, the challenge lies not only in expanding treatment access but in building preventive, data-informed, and people-centered systems that can sustain long-term management of chronic conditions.
Addressing NCDs requires a comprehensive systems approach that integrates prevention, early detection, and chronic care into the broader health architecture. Fragmented service delivery, limited data use, and workforce constraints continue to hinder progress toward the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Strengthening policy coherence, data systems, and multisector coordination is key to advancing a more integrated, equitable, and sustainable NCD response.